扇贝英语单词扫盲

Chapter 1

consumption

• 这个词只能作名词，表示消费，消耗，食用，引用的意思，当然还有另外一个偏差比较大的：肺痨
• 给一些例句：I always take fuel consumption into consideration when buying a car
• take into consideration，fuel consumption，希望你能懂

accessory

• access表示路径，到达，访问，存取，微软的那个DBMS也叫Access
• 但是accessory并不是由access引申的，他作为形容词表示辅助的，副的，作为名词则表示附件，配件，同谋，帮凶

premise

• 这玩意表示地基，房屋，以及最重要的前提，假设
• We should agree that our debate is based on the premise stated earlier.这里stated earlier早先阐明的，修饰the premise

vacate

• 表示腾出，空出，还有离职，退位
• We are requested to vacate our rooms by noon.

demanding

• 这表示苛求的，难满足的，费力的，需求高的，啊并不是需要的，而是难满足(需求)的
• She doesn't have the ability to do this demanding job.

snap

• 突然折断，突然生气
• The wind had snapped the tree in two.

barber

• 理发师，没什么好说的，做动词就表示为...理发

expel

• 排除，把...开除，喷出
• She was expelled from school at 15.

autonomous

• 自治的，独立自主的

cater

• 满足...需求，迎合，提供饮食，非常有意思的词语
• He has to cater for his boss. cater for 迎合XX

staff

• 职员

infrastructure

• 这个词啊，structure结构，词根infra表示在下，以下的意思，所以就是下层结构：基础设施，基础结构

• Improving the city's transport infrastructure is the governor's first step.

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conduct

• 表示名词，则为举止，行为，处理，管理
• 动词表示进行，组织，实施，处理，指挥等等
• to conduct an experiment

lease

• 名词表示租约，租契
• 动词表示租用，租借，出租

cereal

• 表示谷物，还有个类似的:grain

versatile

• 形容词是多才多艺的，多方面的，多用途的
• He's a versatile actor who has played a wide variety of parts.

dull

• 乏味的，单调的，迟钝的，阴沉昏暗的
• Life in a small town could be deadly dull.

cuisine

• 表示烹饪，烹调法，烹调风格
• The hotel restaurant is noted for its excellent cuisine. 哦这里的be noted for，因…而出名

shred

• 碎片，细条，些许，少量
• The paper was ripped to shreds and scattered on the floor.

specialize

• 专门从事，专门经营
• The French restaurant specialized in seafood. specialize in 专攻于…

spice

• 调味料，香料，调剂品，表示动词就是添加香料

incorporate

• 包含，并入，合并，吸纳
• Many of your suggestions have been incorporated in the new plan. 你的很多建议都已经被采纳进新计划中了

cultivate

• 耕作，种植，培养，结交
• Most of the fertile land in the country has been cultivated. 这个搭配很有意思，fertile land 肥沃的土地

puff

• 作动词表示喘气，吸(烟),喷出，冒出，做名词一般是一小口烟，一缕，少量，吸烟，甚至能表示泡芙，吹捧的文章

consult

• 只能做动词，表示咨询，查阅，商讨
• Have you consulted your lawyer about this? 你就此事咨询过你的律师吗

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sponge

• 作名词是海绵，寄生虫
• 作动词是用海绵擦

textile

• 表示织物，纺织品，纺织业

absorb

• 表示吸收，吸引...注意，以及使全神贯注
• The cream is easily absorbed into the skin.

tube

• 表示管子，管道

irrigate

• 灌溉，冲洗

weird

• 怪异的，神秘的
• A series of weird things taht happened recently made people terrified.

odorous

• 顶级矛盾纠结体：有气味的，难闻的，香味，芬芳的

relic

• 遗物，遗迹，遗风
• Archaeologists found a beautiful mural in a relic from the Stone Age.考古学家在一个石器时代的遗迹中发现了一幅精美壁画

excavation

• 挖掘，发掘，出土文物
• The excavations are open to the public

affiliate

• 作名词表示分公司，子公司，做动词表示使附属，接纳，加入，并入

pinpoint

• 精确定位，准确的，精确地

prominent

• 杰出的，显著的，突出的
• As the leader, he played a prominent part in the team's victory.

distinctive

• 出色的，有特色的
• I can recognize her from a mile away because she has a very distinctive voice.

grind

• 磨碎，折磨，压榨，反复灌输
• 当然做名词可以表示磨光，苦干，苦学，苦差事

dwindle

• 减少，缩小
• The country's population has dwindled to half of its former size

embody

• 具体表现，体现，代表
• She embodies her principles in her behavior.

primitive

• 原始的，简陋的

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unearth

• 掘出，发掘，揭露

bronze

• 青铜，青铜色

cohesion

• 凝聚力，团结
• The lack of cohesion within the team made them lose the game.

catalog

• 目录

exemplify

• 例证，是…的典型
• This painting exemplifies the artist's early style.

spawn

• 产卵，产生，促成
• 卵

yield

• 产生，出产，生产，让位
• 产量，收益
• Hard work yields good results

volatile

• 易挥发的，不稳定的

tender

• 温柔，柔软的，和善的，年轻的
• 投标，提出，交付

floral

• 花的，像花的

blossom

• 花
• 开花，长成

hail

• 出生地是，来自，招呼，呼喊，称颂
• 冰雹，一阵

qualify

• 合格，有资格，修饰，限定
• We qualified for the final by beating Stanford in previous rounds

fragrant

• 香的

tutor

• 导师
• 教，任教

outrageously

• 令人不能容忍地，肆无忌惮地
• The outrageously high prices astounded him

suspend

• 推迟，暂停，悬挂，取消
• The school suspended the sports meeting

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braid

• 表示名词可以是穗带，发带
• 表示动词可以是编织,与之相似的有weave

aspire

• 有志于，向往
• He loves painting, and aspires to be a world-famous artist.

stalk

• 潜行，跟踪
• 杆，柄

municipal

• 市政的，地方性的

craftsman

• 工匠，手艺人

adhere

• 粘附，附着，坚守，遵守
• For ten months he adhered to a strict no-fat low-salt diet.

profound

• 深远的，深切的，深奥的，渊博的
• The reports has profound implications for schools

scratch

• 划伤，取消

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guilty

I felt guilt about not visiting my parents more often.

convenience

For convenience, the two groups have been treated as one in this report.

fluid

The political sitatution is so fluid that any thoughtless move could lead to military conflict.

average

an average rate/cost/price

restrict

We restrict the number of students per class to 10.

revenue

The goverment who gain about 12 billion dolor in tax revenues over 5 years.

retail

Could you tell me the retail prices of these shoes?

anxious

Parents are naturelly anxious for their children.

lower

Please lower your voice in the library.

finance

The fund has been used largely to finance schools.

commerce

Commerce between China and Africa reached a historic high last year.

surge

The unexpected surge in inflation put the country’s economy into crisis.

sticky

I have to take a shower before going out because the sweat had made my skin sticky.

meridian

A meridian is an imaginary line running from north to south.

protein

The doctor advised use to increase the intake of essential proteins to form muscles.

beverage

Alcoholic beverages can only be sold to adults according to the new law.

potential

the potential for change

release

The children were asked to release the butterflies they had caught into the wild.

liquid

texture

This gile likes the soft texture of silk, so most of her clothes are made of it.

territory

The mountain is in Chinese territory.

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remains

Take aways the remians of lunch in time and keep your desk clean.

ripen

The bananas ripen too quickly and begain to rot.

jar

a jar of coffee

seasoning

She cooked this dish with a variety of seasonings.

portion

A significant portion of the population speaks English.

hint

I won’t reply to you directly, but I can give you a hint about the answer.

slice

a slice of bread

intense

This work demains intense concentration.

recommend

Can you recommend a good hotel?

superior

Superior intellgence

rinse

冲洗，漂洗

Rinse the cooked pasta with boiling water.

plump

The teacher was a cheerful plump woman.

noticeable

The effect of the medisine is noticeable especially in young people.

moisture

A rich soil that retains moisture is needed for this kind of plants to glow.

nutrition

to study food science and nutrition

amount

You will receive a bill for the full amount.

ongoing

The negotiation is still ongoing since no agreement has been reached.

generous

to be generous with your time

bland

The expert just gave a few bland comments.

aroma

She was awoken by the aroma of coffee and frying eggs.

stimulate

The game has stimulated her interest in studying.

chunk

I often eat a chunk of bread for breakfast.

sprinkle

Sprinkle a little chesses over the pizza, and cut it into eight slices.

refreshing

The breeze after the rain is very refreshing.

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concentration

表示名词就是专心、集中的意思

I lost my concentration during the long and dull lecture.

organic

表示形容词，有机的、器官的、组织的、简单的

Organic apples are much smaller.

float

表示动词，就是漂浮，漂流，浮动，提出，股票上市

表示名词，就是零钱、漂浮物

The boats were floating gently down the river.

dilute

表示形容词，就是稀释的，淡的，稀薄的，褪色的

表示动词，就是稀释、冲淡、变淡

Dilute the fruit jucie with about an equal amount of water.

metric

表示名词，就是米

表示形容词，就是米制的，公制的

Most high-tech industry have been using the metric system for decade.

removeal

表示名词，就是移动，搬迁，除去

It's just the removeal of a small lump, so you don't need to worry.

chamber

表示名词，是议会、会议、房间的意思

They were have a meeting in the council chamber.

mimic

表示动词，模仿，像

表示名词，小丑，模仿者

表示形容词，模仿的，模拟的

The students could mimic the math teacher's accents.

ventilation

表名词，通风设备，空气流通

The factory had poor ventilation and in summer it became hot and humid.

tend

表动词，倾向于，照料

When I'm tired, I tend to make mistakes.

flame

表名词，火焰，光芒，热情

表动词，燃烧，爆发，激起

The flame were growing higher and higher.

solution

表名词，溶液，解答，应答

Boosting tourism will provide a long-term soluntion to the city's employment problems.

allergic

表形容词，表示过敏的，对...讨厌的

A great number of people are born to be allergic to peanuts.

emit

表动词，发射，发出

The new device can emit bright and powerful lights.

ailment

表名词，小病

Your cold is just a minor ailment and you neen't go to hosipital.

quality

表名词，质量，品质，特性

表形容词，优秀的，优质的

goods of a high quality

factor

表名词，因素，因子

The deciding factor of the competition between top players is their state of mind.

category

表名词，种类

We are divided into sev category by grades.

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freight

v. 货运，寄送，使充满

You can freight your belongings by air or sea.

ordeal

n. 折磨，严峻考验

He believed he would survive the ordeal. # 他相信可以熬过这场折磨

ordinate

n. 纵坐标

peripheral

adj. 次要的，边缘的，附带的

myopic

adj. 近视的，缺乏远见的

appraise

v. 估价，评估

bizarre

adj. 奇形怪状的，古怪可笑的，怪诞的

refute

v. 反驳，驳斥

newsletter

n. 时事通讯

embellish

v. 装饰，渲染

solder

v. 焊接

plasma

n. 血浆，等离子体

personnel

n. 人事部门，人员，职员

belie

v. 掩饰，证明…不正确

offensive

adj. 冒犯，令人不适

speculate

v. 推测，猜测

reconcile

v. 调和，和解，将就，妥协

withhold

v. 拒绝，阻挡，隐瞒，克制，抑制

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laborious

adj. 耗费时力的，辛苦的，费力的

pliant

adj. 顺从的，易受影响的

affluent

adj. 富裕的，富足的

unanimous

adj. 全体同意的

precipitate

adj. 鲁莽的，仓促的

v. 加速，突然降临

negligent

adj. 疏忽的，玩忽职守的

hamper

v. 阻碍，妨碍

concede

v. 承认，授予

vacant

adj. 空着的，茫然的

they face abysmal working conditions

adj. 深不可测的，糟糕的

unparalleled

adj. 无与伦比的

skeletal

adj. 骨骼的，像骨骼的

impede

v. 妨碍，阻碍

he was complelely eclipse by his brother

n. 日食，月食；黯然失色；羽毛暗淡期；消失，丧失
v. 遮住……的光，使黯然失色

illusory

adj. 虚假的，幻觉的

consistent

adj. 始终如一的，一贯的；持续的，连续的；固守的，坚持的；一致的，吻合的

overt secret

adj. 公开的，不隐瞒的

incessant

adj. （令人不快的事物）不停的，连续的

I’ll just improvise

v. 即兴表演，即兴创作；临时做，临时凑成

notable

adj. 显要的，值得注意的；非常成功的，令人尊敬的

nostalgia

n. 怀旧，念旧

mesmerize

vt. 施催眠术；迷住；以魅力迫使

recasting

reforge

remodel

重铸

burrow into sth.

挖掘，深挖

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rage

盛怒，风靡一时

eligible ineligible

有资格的，合适的

focalize in

使聚焦，使集中

bonanza

财运，好运，兴盛，繁荣

chaste

贞洁的，简朴的，朴实的

ample

足够的，丰裕的，肥沃的

depredation

n. 劫掠，掠夺

resin

n. 树脂

germ

n. 微生物，细菌，萌芽

citadel

n. 堡垒，要塞

crippling

adj. 令人震惊的，极其有害的

saunter

v. 闲逛，漫步

mercantile

adj. 贸易的，商业的

earnest

adj. 真诚的，认真的

auxiliary

adj. 辅助的，后备的

convene

v. 召集，召开，集合

simultaneous

adj. 铜焊丝发生的，同步的

competence

n. 能力，胜任，称职

hummingbird

n. 蜂鸟

tendon

n. 腱

reliance

n. 依靠，依赖，信任

sprawl

v. 扩展，蔓延

beaver

n. 海狸鼠

v. 忙于，勤奋工作

spinet

小型立式钢琴

coarse

adj. 粗糙的

demolish

v. 拆除，破坏，驳倒，推翻

hockey

n. 曲棍球

lizard

n. 蜥蜴

rodent

n. 啮齿类动物

appliance

n. 装置，器械，应用

parachute

n. 降落伞

theoretical

adj. 理论的，理论上的

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notch

n. 等级，档次，圆形切口

pronounced

adj. 显著的，明确的

prairie

n. 大草原

anomie

n. 道德沦丧，失范，混乱

paucity

n. 极少量，少量

seminar

n. 研讨会，研讨班

retrieval

n. 数据检索，取回，索回

invertebrate

n. 无脊椎的

monarch

n. 君主，帝王

cider

n. 苹果酒

integrity

n. 正直，诚实，完整，完好

gait

n. 步法，步态

shuttle

n. 航天飞机，往返航班，梭子

extrinsic intrinsic

adj. 外来的，外在的，非本质的

illegible eligible

adj. 难以辨认的，模糊的

exalt

升迁

ambiguous

模棱两可的

syntactic

adj. 句法的，按照句法的

grocery

n. 杂货铺，咋活

commonplace

adj. 平凡的，普通的

novice

n. 新手，生手

gregarious

adj. 群居的，合群的

ethic

n. 道德规范的

ore

矿

trumpet

v. 鼓吹，宣扬

conceivable

adj. 可能的，可信的，可想象的

allegiance

n. 忠诚，拥戴

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tactile

adj. 触觉的，有触觉的

intelligent

adj. 聪明的，智能的

stimulus

n. 刺激(物)，激励，促进因素

cargo

n. 货物

locality

n. 地区，位置，地点，发生地

disaster

n. 灾难

slumber

n. 睡觉，睡眠

pupil

n. 学生，弟子，小学生

irresistible

adj. 无法抗拒的，诱人的，不能自己的

systematize

v. 使系统化，使条理化，使成体系

hearsay

n. 谣言，道听途说，传闻

speckle

v. 弄上斑点，点缀

mottled

adj. 有杂色的，斑驳的

blush

n. 脸红

angiosperm

n. 被子植物

plow

n. 犁

exhale

v. 呼出气，散发

expeditious

adj. 迅速有效的，迅速完成的

stumble

v. 绊脚，蹒跚而行，结巴

roost

v. 栖息

fortum

n. 公共讨论场所，论坛

incapacitate

v. 使无资格，使失去能力，使不胜任

agonize

v. 苦苦思索，焦虑不已

exemplary

adj. 模范的，典型的

charisma

n. 超凡魅力，感召力，号召力

seismology

n. 地震学

luminous

adj. 夜光的，发光的，发亮的

antecedent

n. 祖先，先辈

siege

n. 围攻，围困，包围，封锁

subjugate

vt. 征服，制服，使服从

spontaneity

n. 自发性，自发行为

frivolity

n. 轻浮，愚蠢的行为

linguist

n. 语言学家

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perquisite

Bonus/Privilege/Allowance

n. 特权，福利，附带的好处

vaccine

n. 疫苗

aloof

Distant/Reserved/Detached

adj. 冷漠的，冷淡的

inert

Passive/Lifeless/Inactive

adj. 不活动的，缺乏活力的

palate

n. 上颚，味觉

aquifer

n. 含水层

advent

Arrival/Onset/Commencement

n. 到来，来临

curative

Healing/Remedial/Therapeutic

adj. 治愈的，有疗效的

n. 医药，治疗无

tectonics

n. 构造学，板块构造

teem

Abound/Overflow/Swarm/fill

vi. 充满，倾注

extrapolate

Speculate/deduce/postulate

v. 推断，推知

othodox

Traditional/Conventional

adj. 正统的

criticize

Censure/Condemn/Denounce

v. 批评，批判，指责

vertebrate

Invertebrate

n. 脊椎动物

olfactory

Aroma/Fragrance/Scent

n. 嗅觉，鼻，嗅觉器官

adj. 嗅觉的

concur

Agree/Consent/Coincide/Co-occur

v. 赞同，同时发生

pique

Resentment

n. 愤恨，恼怒，不悦

v. 使愤恨

disciple

pupil

n. 门徒，追随者

plausible

Credible/Believable/Convincing

adj. 看似合理的

swoon

Faint/Collapse/Unconsciousness

v/n 昏迷

pertinent

Relevant/Applicable/Apropos

adj. 直接相关的，有关的

accordion

n. 手风琴

huddle

v/n 挤在一起

with all due respect

恕我直言